Cationic polyelectrolytes have many uses, including: Wastewater treatment: Used as flocculants to neutralize the negative charge of sludge particles in sewage, human waste, and other industrial effluents Paper making: Used to improve the wet and dry strength of paper, and to increase the retention of fillings and tiny fibers Food: Some cationic polyelectrolytes, such as carrageenan, pectin, alginates, and carboxymethyl cellulose, are added to many foods Cosmetics, soaps, and shampoos: Many cosmetics, soaps, and shampoos contain cationic polyelectrolytes Concrete mixtures: Used as superplasticizers in concrete mixtures Biochemical and medical applications: Some cationic polyelectrolytes are water-soluble and are being investigated for medical and biochemical applications, such as implant coatings and controlled drug release